Passive verb building, rules

Passive verbs

Verbtime uses the rules listed here to build passive verbs.

The auxiliary verbs "ser" and "estar" are used for building passive forms. Here, the passive of process is built with "ser", respectively the passive of condition is built with "estar". Verbtime builds all passive forms as passive of process, means by using auxiliary verb "ser".
If a verb does not have a Particípio Passado, then the passive form cannot be built.
Generally spoken the following building scheme is valid for all passive verbs:


              Singular I     [ser] + Particípio Passado (verb)
              Singular II    [ser] + Particípio Passado (verb)
              Singular III   [ser] + Particípio Passado (verb)
              Plural I       [ser] + Particípio Passado (verb)
              Plural II      [ser] + Particípio Passado (verb)
              Plural III     [ser] + Particípio Passado (verb)

Simple tenses as well as composed tenses are built by combining the conjugated auxiliary verb "ser" with the verb’s Particípio Passado. The last character of the verb’s Particípio Passado is changed according to person (male / female) and verb form (singular / plural). This however applies only to the Particípio Passado of the verb itself. The additionally inserted "sido" (Particípio Passado of "ser") in the composed tenses remains unchanged.

Here, the following applies to simple tenses:

Singular male:	[ser] + Particípio Passado (verb) + o	(e.g. sou operado)
Plural male:	[ser] + Particípio Passado (verb) + os	(e.g. somos operados)
Singular female:	[ser] + Particípio Passado (verb) + a	(e.g. sou operada)
Plural female:	[ser] + Particípio Passado (verb) + as	(e.g. somos operadas)

and accordingly for composed tenses:

Singular male:	[ser] + Particípio Passado (verb) + o	(e.g. tenho sido operado)
Plural male:	[ser] + Particípio Passado (verb) + os	(e.g. temos sido operados)
Singular female:	[ser] + Particípio Passado (verb) + a	(e.g. tenho sido operada)
Plural female:	[ser] + Particípio Passado (verb) + as	(e.g. temos sido operadas)

also see:
Portuguese verb table, overview
Passive verb building, example verb